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Different from the foregoing inscriptions this text starts quite clearly on the left upper edge, runs down the right edge, continues upside down on the lower border and ends on the left edge. The structure of this inscription is the same, as on the opposite R-Panel, only that does not begin with an incantation on the left edge. Whether we have one at all will be discussed later.1 Here and there we have a bottom line with its runes kept upside down. The reason for that may be the hallowed realm (hearh), the forest. Due to that and to the perilous topic the rune master takes to cryptography. He encodes his wording by replacing the vowels with symbols similar to runes. This method was also used by his contemporary, Wynfriþ Boniface, (around 700) and even the Romans knew it. This reason for cryptography here is simply this: This panel is meant to procure our warrior a death on the battlefield, but of course not necessarily now. If someone could read the spell he might cite those powers, but here some troublemaker would not only have to know the code, he would have to stand on his head in order to trigger harm. Just turn it round? Do not touch, if you believe in magic! Anyway, something must have gone terribly wrong. Two runes in the word agl(ac), which means 'un-luck' have been erased. The shavings will have been burnt (that is what Egil - according to the Egilssaga - did). The reading is not quite certain, but metrical considerations and deductions from the picture can help. This is composed of three segments while the text is composed of three alliterating verses. Divided into words and verses we read:
Within the picture we find three words filled in: risci " wudu " bita
Usually they read her hos sitæþ, and translate: "Here sits the horse", which seems to be erroneous from any point of view, anatomy, biology, iconography among others. If a horse could ever be talked into sitting the T-Panel shows what it might look like. As the setting is similar to that on the R-Panel, we find ourselves in a holy grove, herh < hearg (Ger. Heiliger Hain); and the only creature is no horse (oddly
Less plain is the reading hir-i-erta-e-gisgraf, but again the picture can support the reading. Whether it is erta(e) or ierta(e), it is a supernatural being, quite likely Erce, the Anglo-Saxon 'Mother Earth', "Erce, Erce, Erce, eorÞen moÞer" as referred to in a charm.2
If Jörð (Old Norse "earth") is related with "earth" the reading "hir IERTA" should be preferred to "hiri ERTA".
Nevertheless "Erta" is the deity we are after. It is quite likely that the Christian scribe changed the pagan "Erta" into a less suspicious "Erce". "Erta" goes along with Earthmothers like "Hertha", "Bertha", Perchta" and even with "Nerthus", which Tacitus knows.
The words in the picture are risci, 'twig'; wudu, 'wood'; bita, 'biter'. 1 The interpretation of this panel follows Wolfgang Krause, "Erta, ein anglischer Gott", Die Sprache 5 (1959) 46-54
2 Wikipedia: "In Norse mythology, Jörð (Old Norse "earth", pronounced /jɔrð/, sometimes Anglicized as Jord or Jorth), is a giantess, the mother of Thor, and the personification of the Earth. Fjörgyn and Hlôdyn are considered to be other names for Jörð.Jörð is also the goddess of Earth. Jörð is reckoned a goddess, like other giantesses who coupled with the gods. Jörð's name appears in skaldic poetry both as a poetic term for the land and in kennings for Thor.
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